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Anticholinergic drugs’ degree of effectiveness14

  • Different anticholinergic lists7-13 evaluate the effect of different anticholinergic drugs in a different way
  • An overview article14 has been used as the source for the following list. The list in it was made based on a previously published review article37, meaning the views of several anticholinergic lists have been taken into account
1 Heart and blood vascular system +

Class of drugs

Beta blockers: atenolol, metoprolol
Diuretics: furosemide
Nitraters: isosorbide nitrate
Antiarrhytmics: digoxin, disopyramide, quinidine
Calcium channel blockers: diltiazem, nifedipine

Antitrombotic: dipyridamole
ACE inhibitors: captopril

2 Respiratory system +

Class of drugs

Xanthine: theophylline

3 Central nervous system +

Class of drugs

SSRI drugs: citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline
SNRI drugs: venlafaxine

Other antidepressants: amitriptyline, doxepine, imipramine, clomipramine, nortriptyline, trimipramine, bupropion, mirtazapine
Typical antipsychotics: haloperidol, pimozide, promazine, thioridazine
Atypical antipsychotics: risperidone, ziprasidone, clozapine, loxapine, olanzapine, quetiapine
Anti-Parkinson: amantadine, pramipexole, procyclidine, selegiline, trihexyfenidyl
Anxiolytics: alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, clonazepam, diazepam, lorazepam, midazolam, oxazepam, temazepam, triazolam
Anticonvulsants: carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, valproic acid
Antimanic drug: litium

4 Gastrointestinal- / genitourinary drugs +

Class of drugs

Antispasmodic drugs:
Internal: atropine, belladonna, hyoscyamine, propantheline
Urinary tract: tolterodine, fesoterodine, solifenacin, trospium, darifenacin, oxybutynin
Antidiarrheals: loperamide

Antacids: cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine
Anti-nausea drugs: scopolamine, metoclopramide, proklorperazine, promazine

5 Muscle relaxants +

Baclofen, carisoprodol, orphenadrine, tizanidine

6 Antihistamines +

Brompheniramine, cetirizine, clemastine, cyproheptadine, desloratadine, diphenhydramine, fexofenadine, hydroxyzine, loratadine, promethazine

7 Immunosupressants +

Azathioprine, cyclosporine

8 Opioids +

Codeine, fentanyl, meperidine, methadone, morphine, oxycodone, tramadol

9 Other +

Class of drugs

Anticoagulants: warfarin
Biguanide: metformin
Corticosteroids: dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, prednisone
Gout medication: colchicine

Antimetabolite: methotrexate
COMT inhibitors: entacapone
Neuromuscular blockers: pancuronium
Antibiotics: ampicillin, clindamycin, gentamicin, piperacillin, vancomycin

Previous References

14. Nishtala PS, Salahudeen MS, Hilmer SN. Anticholinergics: theoretical and clinical overview. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2016;15(6):753-68.